Start to STEM Coding and Robotics Kits

Next Generation Science Standards*:

• 1-ESS1-1: Use observations of the sun, moon, and stars to describe patterns that can be predicted.
• 3-PS2-3: Ask questions to determine cause and effect relationships of electric or magnetic interactions between two objects not in contact with each other.
• 4-PS3-4: Apply scientific ideas to design, test, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another.
• 4-PS3-2: Make observations to provide evidence that energy can be transferred from place to place by sound, light, heat, and electric currents.
• 5-ESS1-1: Support an argument that the apparent brightness of the sun and stars is due to their relative distances from Earth.
• 4-PS4-3: Generate and compare multiple solutions that use patterns to transfer information.
• MS-ESS1-1: Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.
• MS-ESS1-2: Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system.
• MS-ESS1-3: Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.
• HS-PS3-5: Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electric or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction.
• HS-ESS1-4: Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system.

*The Next Generation Science Standards are a registered trademark of WestEd. Neither WestEd nor the lead states and partners that developed the Next Generation Science Standards were involved in the production of this product, and do not endorse it.

CSTA K-12 Computer Science Standards*:

• 1A-AP-08: Model daily processes by creating and following algorithms (sets of step-by-step instructions) to complete tasks.
• 1A-AP-09: Model the way programs store and manipulate data by using numbers or other symbols to represent information.
• 1A-AP-10: Develop programs with sequences and simple loops to express ideas or address a problem.
• 1A-AP-11: Decompose (break down) the steps needed to solve a problem into a precise sequence of instructions.
• 1A-AP-12: Develop plans that describe a program’s sequence of events, goals, and expected outcomes.
• 1A-AP-14: Debug (identify and fix) errors in an algorithm or program that includes sequences and simple loops.
• 1A-AP-15: Using correct terminology, describe steps taken and choices made during the iterative process of program development.
• 1A-CS-03: Describe basic hardware and software problems using accurate terminology.
• 1B-AP-08: Compare and refine multiple algorithms for the same task and determine which is the most appropriate.
• 1B-AP-09: Create programs that use variables to store and modify data.
• 1B-AP-10: Create programs that include sequences, events, loops, and conditionals.
• 1B-AP-11: Decompose (break down) problems into smaller, manageable subproblems to facilitate the program development process.
• 1B-AP-12: Modify, remix, or incorporate portions of an existing program into one's own work to develop something new or add more advanced features.
• 1B-AP-15: Test and debug (identify and fix errors) a program or algorithm to ensure it runs as intended.
• 1B-AP-16: Take on varying roles, with teacher guidance, when collaborating with peers during the design, implementation, and review stages of program development.
• 1B-AP-17: Describe choices made during program development using code comments, presentations, and demonstrations.
• 1B-CS-02: Model how computer hardware and software work together as a system to accomplish tasks.
• 1B-CS-03: Determine potential solutions to solve simple hardware and software problems using common troubleshooting strategies.
• 1B-DA-07: Use data to highlight or propose cause-and-effect relationships, predict outcomes, or communicate an idea.
• 2-AP-12: Design and iteratively develop programs that combine control structures, including nested loops and compound conditionals.
• 2-AP-13: Decompose problems and subproblems into parts to facilitate the design, implementation, and review of programs.
• 2-AP-14: Create procedures with parameters to organize code and make it easier to reuse.
• 2-AP-15: Seek and incorporate feedback from team members and users to refine a solution that meets user needs.
• 2-AP-19: Document programs to make them easier to follow, test, and debug.
• 2-CS-02: Design projects that combine hardware and software components to collect and exchange data.
• 2-CS-03: Systematically identify and fix problems with computing devices and their components.
• 3A-AP-13: Create prototypes that use algorithms to solve computational problems by leveraging prior student knowledge and personal interests.
• 3A-AP-15: Justify the selection of specific control structures when tradeoffs involve implementation, readability, and program performance, and explain the benefits and drawbacks of choices made.
• 3A-AP-17: Decompose problems into smaller components through systematic analysis, using constructs such as procedures, modules, and/or objects.
• 3A-AP-23: Document design decisions using text, graphics, presentations, and/or demonstrations in the development of complex programs.
• 3A-CS-03: Develop guidelines that convey systematic troubleshooting strategies that others can use to identify and fix errors.
• 3A-IC-26: Demonstrate ways a given algorithm applies to problems across disciplines.
• 3B-AP-10: Use and adapt classic algorithms to solve computational problems.
• 3B-AP-11: Evaluate algorithms in terms of their efficiency, correctness, and clarity.
• 3B-AP-12: Compare and contrast fundamental data structures and their uses.
• 3B-AP-14: Construct solutions to problems using student-created components, such as procedures, modules, and/or objects.
• 3B-AP-19: Develop programs for multiple computing platforms.
• 3B-AP-22: Modify an existing program to add additional functionality and discuss intended and unintended implications (e.g., breaking other functionality).
• 3B-AP-24: Compare multiple programming languages and discuss how their features make them suitable for solving different types of problems.
• 3B-CS-02: Illustrate ways computing systems implement logic, input, and output through hardware components.

*Computer Science Teachers Association (2017). CSTA K–12 Computer Science Standards, Revised 2017.